碳捕获、使用和储存计划的全球发展（英文版）-CLEAN ENERGY.pdf

Released at the Global Clean Energy Action Forum, Pittsburgh | 21 September 2022 With key input by: Contents Slide 3 Welcome 4 Index of country slides 5-29 CCUS programme and policy developments in CEM CCUS Initiative Members and selected other countries 30-34 Key messages from Carbon Sequestration Leadership Forum (CSLF) Technical Group 35-40 Overview of the CEM CCUS Initiative 41 Contact details Global CCUS Policy Developments Dear reader, This slide deck contains a snapshot of carbon capture, use and storage (CCUS) policy and programme developments across several countries, by both CEM CCUS Initiative Members and beyond. To combat climate change, CCUS technologies can play a significant role in decarbonizing several industrial and energy sectors, and in providing the necessary removal of CO2 from the atmosphere. Deploying CCUS will however require significant government programmes, to kickstart the CCUS industry. Several countries have enacted CCUS programmes and policies, and this document provides a high-level snapshot into today’s status. The document also includes a brief summary of progress towards the CCUS Roadmap by the Carbon Sequestration Leadership Forum Technical Group, a key partner of the CEM CCUS Initiative. If you are interested in these developments, or in the work of the CEM CCUS Initiative, we would be delighted to hear from you. Please email us at info@cemccus.org. Index of country slides SLIDE COUNTRY 5-6 Australia 7 Canada 9 China 9 European Commission 10 Japan 11-16 Netherlands 17 Nigeria 18 Norway 19 Saudi Arabia 20 South Africa 21-22 United Arab Emirates 23 United Kingdom 24 United States SLIDE COUNTRY 25 Denmark 26 Finland 27 Germany 28 Indonesia 29 Sweden Australia LARGE-SCALE CCUS PROJECTS • Current: Gorgon CO₂ Injection Project (Chevron Australia): over 6 Mt of CO₂ equivalent stored since August 2019. The system will capture up to 4 Mt of CO2 annually and reduce greenhouse gas emissions by more than 100 Mt over the project life. • Future: Moomba CCS Hub Project (Santos): Moomba CCS Hub Project (Santos and Beach Energy): Santos has announced it has made a final investment decision to develop a CCS plant in the onshore Cooper basin in South Australia. Expected be operational in 2024 and store 1.7 Mtpa of CO₂. Climate Change Policies • Climate Change Bill 2022: To enshrine into law emissions reductions targets of 43 per cent below 2005 levels by 2030, and net zero emissions by 2050. o This Bill passed into Parliament and enshrined into law on 8 September 2022. Current government strategy for CCUS • The Government is interested in all technologies and tools that can assist us to achieve our net zero ambitions, recognising that CCUS is a part of the mix of technologies needed to help abate emissions. • Decarbonising technologies such as Carbon Dioxide Removal, including DAC; Cement sector decarbonisation. Deployment policies and programmes in place • $50 million CCUS Development Fund Grantee projects are ongoing. o Grantees include Boral, CTSCo, Corporate Carbon, MCi, EDL and Santos CCS projects, which are progressing past pre-commercial phase, and accelerating pilot projects towards commercial scale. • A decision has not yet been made on the $250 million CCUS Hubs and Technology Program. • The government releases offshore areas for CO2 storage through an annual Greenhouse Gas Offshore Acreage Release. These provide a key mechanism to support investment in Australia’s CCUS projects, while also supporting the reduction of emissions. • Area nominations for the 2022 Release closed on 31 July 2022. o Public consultation proposed in September 2022; release scheduled on December 2022. • Five permits have been awarded from 2021 Release. o INPEX, Woodside and Total Energies JV for an area in the Bonaparte Basin (NT). o Woodside for two areas in the Northern Carnarvon Basin (WA), and Browse Basin (WA). o Santos for two areas in Bonaparte Basin (NT) and Northern Carnarvon Basin (WA). Priorities going forward • Powering Australia – create jobs, lower power bills, reduce emissions by boosting renewable energy. • With the change in government, Australia currently considering its options going forward on CCUS. Australia – Map of Projects Current Government Approach to CCUS • Contribute to “net-zero by 2050” goals and the 2030 Emissions Reduction Plan (Apr 2022), which projects there will be opportunities for CCUS to reduce emissions by 19.4Mt (12.9% of domestic reductions targets), with another 1.3Mt from CCUS-enabled hydrogen production, and 0.5Mt from DAC by 2030. • Build on Canada’s CCUS advantages, including domestic projects that have already captured and stored millions of tonnes of CO2. Federal Policies / Funding • CCUS Investment Tax Credit (ITC) for projects which permanently store CO2 in dedicated geological storage or in concrete. To come into effect in 2022, budgeted at CAD $2.6B/5 yrs. Draft legislation released for consultation in Aug 2022. o 2022-2031 rates: 60% for DAC; 50% for capture equipment in all other projects; 37.5% for transportation, storage, and utilization. o Will apply to eligible expenses incurred before 2041 but reduced by 50% in 2031 (to incentivize projects this decade). • The final Clean Fuel Regulations came into force in June 2022. CCUS-related opportunities for credit creation: CCS and CO2-EOR projects that reduce the lifecycle carbon intensity of liquid fossil fuels, DAC-to-fuels, and clean H2 that displaces traditional liquid or gaseous fuels. • Carbon Pricing Systems (federal or provincial equivalents): The 2022 federal carbon price is $50/t and will rise to $170/t in 2030 as per the Strengthened Climate Plan. • Budget 2022 announced the $15B Canada Growth Fund to speed private investment in decarbonization/cleantech projects; expected Fall 2022; and expanded the role of the Canada Infrastructure Bank (CIB) to invest in private sector- led infrastructure projects that will accelerate Canada’s transition to a low-carbon economy, including CCUS. Future Priorities • A CCUS Strategy for Canada is in development, to be released in 2022. CCUS is expected to be critical to six key pathways to a prosperous net-zero economy for Canada: decarbonizing heavy industries, oil enabling low-carbon H2 production, negative emissions technologies to support CDR, and CO2 based industries. • Canada’s GHG Offset Credit System Regulations: A DACCS protocol is under development, and BECCS has been identified as a priority for the next round of protocol development. Canada LARGE-SCALE CCUS PROJECTS - CURRENT • Alberta Carbon Trunk Line: 240-km pipeline delivering ~1.6 Mt of CO2 / year from a fertilizer plant matching emission point sources and industrial clusters with CO2 storage; developing legal and regulatory frameworks; performing techno-economic assessments; engaging with stakeholders; supporting capacity development; and ultimately piloting and demonstration of CCUS in industrial settings • National CCUS Centre of Excellence Deployment policies and programmes in place • Energy Transition Plan • Climate technology Need Assessment. • Climate Change Bill Priorities going forward: • Industrial CO2 CCUS Diagnostic and Scoping Study • Legal and Regulatory Assessment this include: o 12 Technical Initiative o 4 Regulation/Governance Initiatives o 2 R M TPA = mill ion to ns pe r a nn um Future and ongoing projects • Stockholm Exergi full scale bio-CCS facility about 800 000 tonnes p.a. • Several feasibility studies on bio-CCS – first step to participate in auction, mainly CHP and WtE • Test facilities on plants Key climate policy targets • 85 % reduction target by 2045, baseline 1990, after 2045 negative emissions • CCS important technology to reduce emissions in otherwise hard to abate sectors • Bio-CCS important as supplementary measure, most likely the biggest source – large potential at least 10 millions tonnes p.a. 2030 Government actions and assignments CCS • National centre for CCS as a part of the Swedish Energy Agency • Treaty with Norway – London protocol • Reporting and accounting (Swedish Energy Agency & The Swedish Environmental Protection Agency) Deployment policies and programmes in place • The Industrial Leap shall support huge and complex technology leaps, focus on carbon dioxide intensive industries, long term 2018-2040. 70 million €/year 2020-2022 whereof 10 million €/year to bio-CCS. • Support scheme for bio-CCS. Reverse auctions first auction 2023. Priorities going forward: • Reporting and accounting, Article 6, facilitate a market for CDR-all connected. Sweden Raffinaderi=Refinery Pappersmassa=Pulp and paper Kemi=Chemistry Stål/Järn=Iron/steel Kraft/Värme=Heat & Power Cement=Cement (From Johnsson & Kjärstad, 2019) Sweden total emission 51 Mt CO2e Key messages from CSLF Technical Group (1/5) Accelerating Carbon Capture, Utilisation and Storage The Carbon Sequestration Leadership Forum (CSLF) Technical Group brings together countries to share experience on carbon capture, utilisation, and storage (CCUS) at the technical level. The Technical Group provides relevant technical background for the work of the Clean Energy Ministerial (CEM) CCUS Initiative, whose aim is to accelerate CCUS strategies and policies. The CSLF 2021 Technology Roadmap (TRM 2021) stressed the challenging deployment pathway for CCUS in the coming decades, based on the IEA Sustainable Development Scenario (SDS): • By 2030: CO2 capture and storage should increase by a factor of 10 – 15 from the 2020 level of 40 mega-tonnes (Mt) of CO2 per year. • By 2050: CO2 capture and storage should increase by a factor of 100 or more from the 2020 level. To meet these challenges the TRM 2021 recommended efforts in the following key areas: • Technology development, innovation, and cost reduction. • Strategic build-out of CCUS projects and hubs. • Development of strategy, policy, legal, and financial frameworks. The following slides contain highlights regarding the progress towards the key Recommendations on CCUS in the CSLF Technology Roadmap 2021.