优化后的ESS®E2M原料在多晶和单晶太阳能行业的应用

APPLICATION OF OPTIMIZED ESS®/E2M FEEDSTOCK FOR HP MULTI AND MONO CRYSTALLINE SOLAR INDUSTRIES Eddie Hsueh 薛丞智 博士 Product manager 产 品 经 理 , ESS/Ingot technology Outline 2 ❑ Introduction to REC Solar ❑ What is ESS® (Elkem Solar Silicon) ❑ What is the benefit for use ESS® as a feedstock? High filling density for Multi-Si furnace Low Carbon Footprint Flat resistivity profile Optimized for PERC cell ❑ ESS® to Mono(E2M) new product designed for Mono E series and R series ❑ Test results for E2M 40% 28% 32% EMEA APAC USA REC – A global PV manufacturer with over 20 years of experience W orlds m ost pow e rful 28% 36% 36% Residential Commercial Utility Founded 1996 12M people powered at home 30 million solar panels produced and sold USD 630 million 2017 sales revenue ~2,000 employees globally Norway & Singapore Manufacturing facilities Balanced global sales By geography and market segment 3 REC – Global presence with a focus on EU, US, and APAC markets, employing ~2000 REC office Operational Headquarters Local representatives Munich, Germany New Delhi, India Singapore Tokyo, Japan Oslo, Norway Corporate Headquarters San Mateo, CA USA Melbourne, Australia Herøya, NorwayKristiansand, Norway 4 What is Elkem Solar Silicon® (ESS®) 5 • Brick shaped product, abbreviation ESS® • Produced via a poly silicon refining route • Dense form factor for fast crucible loading • (Capable for multi& mono casting) REC Solar Norway - production process for ESS® at Fiskaa 6 • Silicon: metallurgical silicon is produced from quartz in an electric arc furnace, at temperatures above 2,000 degrees C. • Slag treatment: a purification process, in which the molten silicon is mixed with slag, in order to extract further impurities, especially boron. • Leaching: a “wet” chemical refining process that, removes phosphorous and metallic impurities from silicon in solid form. • Solidification: the silicon is melted and directionally solidified through which impurities are segregated and thereafter removed in the subsequent post- treatment process. • Post treatment: surface washing and cutting. Silicon SolidificationLeachingSlag treatment Post treatment Currently up to 8,400 MT/yr. Typical content of boron (B) and phosphorus (P): B = 0.20 ppmw and P = 0.65 ppmw compensated material Low Carbon Footprint 90 to 96% lower compare to Siemens based polysilicon 7 From batch-based Siemens to cont. production process without Silane gases. ✓ ~25% of Siemens energy consumption, and CO2 emissions. ✓ CFP ~90% reduction of ESS® product, ~96% reduction for new mono product E2M. ✓ Energy usage ~68% reduction of ESS® product, ~81% reduction for E2M. ✓ ESS® is approved as registered Carbon Footprint (CFP) product in France. ✓ Energy payback time for solar modules: ~1.0 year , for ESS® : 0.1% Module LID2% Higher green factor than E series E series R series Crushed E2M Mixed with poly ESS to Mono(E2M) simulated resistivity profile Capable for Recharge CZ 12 Target 0.8 ohm with 15% E2M Target 1 ohm with Siemens only Seed Tail RCZ1 0.8 0.7 RCZ2 0.8 0.66 RCZ3 0.8 0.96 Seed Tail RCZ1 0.95 0.68 RCZ2 0.95 0.64 RCZ3 0.95 0.44 E2M test summary- E Series(15% filling ratio) Preliminary data shows promising. Ingot performance(Flat resistivity profile) Cell performance(Optimized for P-mono PERC cell) ✓ Flat resistivity profile from 0.8 to 0.67 ohm.cm. ✓ Both RCZ ingots shows consistent flat resistivity profile ✓ Lifetime comparable to reference Siemens poly. ✓ Oxygen comparable and Carbon is higher of 3.8 ppma at last ingot tail end. ✓ Cell efficiency comparable with slightly FF gain. E2M test summary- R Series(50% filling ratio) Preliminary data shows promising 14 Ingot performance(Flat resistivity profile) Cell performance(Optimized for P-mono PERC cell) Module performance ✓ Flat resistivity profile from 1 to 0.8 ohm.cm. ✓ Lifetime comparable to reference Siemens poly. ✓ Oxygen comparable and Carbon is slightly higher of 3.29 ppma at tail end. ✓ Cell efficiency gain of ~0.1% with FF and Voc gain. ✓ LID comparable and slightly lower 2% Conclusion ❑ Integration of REC and Elkem: Strong opportunities to optimize the value chain ❑ Effective use of ESS® in the manufacture of High Performance Multi ❑ Successful use of E2M in the manufacture of Mono ❑ 3 Key Advantages of both ESS® and E2M product: ❖ Environmentally Friendly(low carbon footprint) ❖ Efficient use of feedstock (packing density for multi-Si, resistivity control) ❖ Optimized for P-PERC cell ❑ No compromise to material quality in the manufacture of REC products 15 The content of this presentation is strictly confidential. 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