CSA Practices on Outdoor Testing-Haikou

刘帮建 先生 (Mr Benjamin Liu) CSA 中国 经理, 新能源部 CSA practices on the outdoor testing of PV Modules CSA 光 伏组件户外检测实践分析Joint Venture of Renowned Standards and Research Organizations World renowned solar research lab with deep technical expertise. 2 Solar innovation lab in Massachusetts with module prototyping capabilities. Solar certification is for European and US standards. The CFV Solar Test Laboratory creates a globally accepted certification service. Scientific & Management Advisor to CFV. PV-module research capabilities Partner for test-standards development. Contributing extensive expertise to design and setup the module certification lab. Partner for global PV Test center alliance. CFV - Center of Excellence for PV Testing • Certification for all PV Technologies (IEC & UL) – c-Si, Thin film, CPV, BIPV • ISO17025 accredited by A2LA and CBTL for PV Modules • Performance Evaluation and Comparisons – Absolute & relative performance indoor and outside – Coefficients for Models such as PVSyst, Sandia SAPM, SAM – Spectral corrections of Thin-Film Modules • Quality Control & Warranty Testing • Extended Reliability Testing – E.g. Fraunhofer PVDI – PID, LID, Mounting, Custom programsIdeal Test Conditions in Albuquerque, NM • Highest Solar Irradiance in USA Altitude keeps temperatures low • National Research Laboratories Sandia, Los Alamos Nat’l labs • Universities Active in Solar UNM, CNM • Existing Solar Companies Suncore, Array Technologies, Unirac, DPW, CST, Affordable Solar, Sacred Power, … • Political Support NM promotes solar on all levels of government • Good Accessibility, Workforce & Living Conditions Albuquerque has excellent scientists, culture and nature 4Daily Global Solar Resource for ABQ 2-axis 1-axis 45 deg 35 deg 0 degCFV Outdoor Test Area 6 • 25,000+ sqft indoor test space / 1+ acres outdoor test area • Large outdoor test area without any obstructions • High precision 2-axis and single axis trackers and fixed racks • 300 sunny days per year, high DNI concentration at 5000 ft altitude • 6-7 kWh/m 2 /day average irradiationCFV Outdoor Test-Area 7 • Additional 1 acre test site run for long term outdoor testing • 1-axis trackers • 2-axis trackers • Seasonably adjustable fixed racks • Precision CPV-tracker • Ideal exposure & reliability testing • Independent verification of performanceOutdoor Performance Testing – Performance & Yield Studies 8 •Power and energy production monitoring for comparative studies of competing technologies. •Fixed tilt rack, one-axis trackers, and two-axis trackers available. •The modules are loaded with Micro Grid-tied Inverter or String Inverters.Outdoor Performance Testing – Angle of Incidence 9 •Angle of Incidence response is determined following procedures developed at Sandia National LaboratoriesOutdoor Performance Testing – PV and CPV Characterization 10 • Performance characterization per Sandia Array Performance Model • CPV performance testing per ASTM E2527, IEC 62108, and UL Outline 8703 • Two high precision 2-axis trackers available for outdoor testingOutdoor Performance Testing – Performance & Yield Case Studies 11 •Power and energy production monitoring for comparative studies of competing technologies. •Fixed tilt rack. •The 10 modules are loaded with Micro Grid-tied Inverter.Outdoor Performance Testing – Performance & Yield Case Studies 12 Outdoor Exposure on Fixed Tilt Rack and Micro Inverters Month Period Energy 15089- 01 [kWh] Energy 15089- 02 [kWh] Energy 15089- 03 [kWh] Energy 15089- 04 [kWh] Energy 15089- 05 [kWh] Energy 15089-06 [kWh] Energy 15089-07 [kWh] Energy 15089-08 [kWh] Energy 15089-09 [kWh] Energy 15089-10 [kWh] Insolation Received [kWh/m2] Ambient Temp (Average of the daily maximum) C average operating efficiency 1 2/3 to 3/10 73.9 73.4 73.3 73.4 73.1 73.6 74.2 72.5 72.0 71.3 253.6 19.3 14.8% 2 3/14 to 4/13 54.1 53.7 53.6 53.7 53.5 53.9 54.4 53.9 53.4 53.2 184.3 21.3 14.9% 3 4/20 to 5/10 36.7 36.4 36.3 36.4 36.3 36.5 36.8 36.5 36.3 36.2 135.4 24.4 13.8% 4 5/13 to xx #DIV/0! Delta to Average Period 15089-01 15089-02 15089-03 15089-04 15089-05 15089-06 15089-07 15089-08 15089-09 15089-10 Month 1 1.2% 0.4% 0.3% 0.5% 0.1% 0.7% 1.6% -0.8% -1.5% -2.4% Month 2 0.7% -0.1% -0.3% 0.0% -0.4% 0.3% 1.2% 0.3% -0.7% -0.9% Month 3 0.6% -0.2% -0.3% 0.0% -0.5% 0.2% 1.1% 0.2% -0.5% -0.5%Outdoor Performance Testing – Performance & Yield Case Studies 13  The plot below shows the relative change to nameplate for each IV characteristic.  Within each IV characteristic you see a panel for the two control modules and another panel for the 10 outdoor exposure modules.  For the past three months there has been a steady decrease in Pmp, Imp, and Vmp, while the control module has been reasonably flat.  Voc and Isc are relatively stable over the same period.Outdoor Performance Testing – Standards and Protocols Involved with research organizations 参与研究机构合作项目 SAPM 模 型 对 各 系数确定户外测试及分析过程Outdoor Performance Testing – Standards and Protocols PERFORMANCE EQUATIONS FOR PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULES 光 伏 组件性 能方程 式 • Basic Equations • Module Parameter Definitions • Irradiance Dependent Parameters • Parameters Related to Solar Resource • Parameters at Standard Reporting (Reference) Conditions • Temperature Dependent Parameters • Module Operating Temperature (Thermal Model) PERFORMANCE EQUATIONS FOR ARRAYS 光 伏 阵列 性 能方 程 式 • Array Performance Example • Grid-Connected System Energy Production • Off-Grid System Optimization TRANSLATING STANDARD CONDITIONS 光 伏 阵列测 量值转 换为标 准条件 方程式 • Translation Equations • Analysis of Module-String Voc Measurements • Analysis of Array Operating Current and Voltage DETERMINATION OF EFFECTIVE IRRADIANCE (EE) DURING TESTING 测 试 过 程中 有效辐照 度的确 定 • Detailed Laboratory Approach • Direct Measurement Using Reference Module • Simplified Approach Using a Single Solar Irradiance Sensors • Using a Predetermined Array Short-Circuit Current, Isco DETERMINATION OF CELL TEMPERATURE (TC) DURING TESTING 测 量 过程中 电池片 温度的 确定CSA GROUP CSA 集团介绍 • 97 years old History CSA 集团有97 年历史 • 1300 Standards Technical Committees 1300 个标准技术委员会 • Over 3000 published standards in 54 technologies 在54 个技术 领域出版超过3000 部标准 SDO 标准制定机构 • 9000 Engaged and Committed Members 9000 多名参与标准会 员 • Provides early access to future requirements • Enables an understanding of the thought process in developing a standard • Participation ensures standards are reasonable • Networking opportunity with experts in the field • Allows visibility to global trends and developments • Provides an opportunity to develop Leadership and Technical skills Membership 会员制 • CSA marks appear on billions of qualified products worldwide CSA 标志出现在全球过亿 的产品 上 • Vancouver, CFV, Kunshan Alternative Energy Testing Laboratories (CBTL) 温哥华、CFV、昆山 CBTL 新能源实验室 Testing, Inspection, and Certification 测 试，检测， 认证机构CSA in China CSA中国办公室 17 Guangzhou No. 10 Keyan Rd., Science Park, Luogang District, Guangzhou 510663, China 510095 Tel: 8620-8732-0648 Fax: 8620-8732-0306 Email: csa.gz@csagroup.org Shanghai Floor 1, Building 4 Qilai Industrial City, 889 Yishan Road Shanghai, China 200233 Tel: 8621-3368-8282 Email: csa.sh@csagroup.org Kunshan Building 8, Tsinghua Science Park, No 1666 Zuchongzhi Road Kunshan, Jiangsu 215347 Tel: 86512-8186-8885 Email: csa.sh@csagroup.org Beijing Room 2506, 25th floor, Building 9, Lippo Plaza No.8 Ronghua Middle Rd. Daxing, Beijing 100176, China Tel: 010-57862625Thanks for presence Any questions please call! Email: benjamin.liu@csagroup.org Tel: (86)21-3368 8282x201 Fax: (86) 21-3368 8122 CSA Group