光伏逆变器防雷保护

Photovoltaic system protectionCompletesurgesuppressionrangeforphotovoltaicsystemsThe need for environmentally-friendly production without posing a threat to the environment has led to a rapid expansion in capturing solar energy using photovoltaic cells. Incentives such as interesting purchase prices feed-in taris or nancial incentives provided by the European Union for energy produced in this way are help the rise in use of photovoltaic systems. Photovoltaic arrays are costly to install and demanding in terms of technology. Their service life must be in the decades to return the invested funds. Manufacturers usually provide about a twenty-year guarantee for photovoltaic systems.To provide trouble-free technology throughout its service life, it is necessary to anticipate comprehensive protection against atmospheric and induced overvoltage already at the design stage of the technology and implementation of the project. Protection must be provided not only at the output side of the inverter, but also at the photovoltaic panels. Solar photovoltaic arrays are usually installed on rooftops, or on a green “ eld “.As for the anticipated risks pursuant to EN 62305-2, direct or near lightning strike are considered. Overvoltage or lightning strike can bring about nancial loss, and for photovoltaic systems installed on rooftops where individuals could be working, injury can also be considered.Photovoltaic system designs, also considering lightning and overvoltage suppression, shall comply with the EN 60364-7-712 standard Electrical installations of buildings – Solar photovoltaic PV systems, EN 61173 Overvoltage protection for energy produced by photovoltaic systems and the group of EN 62305 standards Lightning protection. The core key device of the whole photovoltaic system is the inverter, so the lightning and overvoltage protection shall be focused on the inverter and, at the same time, it shall be incorporated into the whole lightning and overvoltage protection system. Furthermore, photovoltaic units and their bearing metal structures shall be integrated into the grounding design.Photovoltaic system protectionGeneral wiring diagram of solar photovoltaic system connectionTypical examples of installationII. Installation of solar photovoltaic array on green eld with individual inverters at panelsAn inverter is installed for each photovoltaic array at the photovoltaic panels. Each inverter shall be protected by the SLP-500 PH V/2 or SLP-1000 PH V/3 1 protectors selected according to the photovoltaic open-circuit voltage on the DC side. It is sucient to install the FLP-275 V 4 protectors for phase voltage of 230 V AC in the TN system. The FLP-BC MAXI 3 protector shall be used as a low voltage protector in the shelter or container. It is similar for signal and telecommunication lines as in case I. On top of that, protection of communication with inverters using, for example, RS-485 – e.g. the BDM-06 9 protector, shall be provided. At the same time, the cable loop size shall be minimized.1I. Installation of solar photovoltaic array on green eld with central inverterIndividual photovoltaic arrays are connected in the junction box of a photovoltaic source and led to the inverter using a main cable to a shelter, container . DC overvoltage protectors SPD 1 are installed in close proximity to the inverter. If the length of the cable from the inverter to the junction box exceeds 25 m, we recommend installing the same surge protector 1 in the junction box of the photovoltaic source. SLP-500 PH V/2 or SLP-1000 PH V/3 protectors selected according to the open-circuit voltage of the photovoltaic source for this type of solar photovoltaic systems are installed. When you assemble the cables, make sure you minimise the size of the cable loops. It is sucient to install the FLP-BC MAXI 3 protector on the AC side. At the same time, signal lines shall be protected measurement of wind speed – e.g. BDM-24 7 protector, measurement of the ambient temperature – e.g. DM-024/1 R DJ 8 protector, or measurement of the panel temperature – e.g. BDM-24 7 protector as well as telecommunication lines – e.g. the FAX-OVERDRIVE F16 6 socket adaptor.317 876≥ 25 m1347 876149t elefo nn li nkaTN 2 30/ 400 V ACtele fonn linkaTN 23 0/400 V AC9 9III. Installation of solar photovoltaic array on rooftops complying with sucient separation distance from lightning protection systemDamage to photovoltaic systems is minimised if a sucient separation distance between the lightning conductor system and the photovoltaic panels is maintained. The inverter is protected by the SLP-500 PH V/2 or SLP-1000 PH V/3 1protectors on the DC side, and the SLP-275 V 5 or FLP-BC MAXI 3 protectors on the AC side. It is desirable to lay cables directly from the photovoltaic arrays panels to the inverter, if possible.1 53≥ s≥ s≥ s≥ sTN 23 0/40 0 V A CV. Installation of solar photovoltaic array on rooftops without complying with separation distance from the lightning conductor systemIf it is necessary and if such situation occurs, metallic parts of the photovoltaic panels shall be connected to the lightning system and more powerful FLP-500 PH V/2 or FLP-1000 PH V/3 2 protectors shall be installed on the DC side of the inverter in the closest proximity to the zone interface from the LPZ 0 and LPZ 1 lightning protection. Protectors connected to the protection grounding system are to be connected similarly as SPD 1 protectors for AC, i.e. minimum with a 16 mm2 Cu wire.IV. Installation of solar photovoltaic array on rooftops without lightning conductor systemProtection of this photovoltaic array is provided similarly as in case III. The inverter is protected by the SLP-500 PH V/2 or SLP-1000 PH V/3 1 protectors on the DC side, and the SLP-275 V 5 or FLP-BC MAXI 3 protectors on the AC side. It is desirable to lay cables directly from the photovoltaic arrays panels to the inverter, if possible.1 53Typical examples of installation s s s2 53Product overviewThis protector is most frequently installed in small systems, usually working in the island mode i.e. they only cover the power consumption of the unit and do not supply power to the grid, i.e. maximum 170 V DC total panel voltage – no-load. Optional remote condition signalling – S version. This protector is usually connected to each pole always against protection grounding up to 580 V DC total no-load panel voltage – see image a. For sensitive inverters, it is desirable to use the connection shown in image b, where one inverter module is connected between the inverter terminals protection level at the terminals is lower than with the connection shown in image a – use with photovoltaic systems with total no-load panel voltage up to 580 V DC. For photovoltaic systems with total no-load voltage up to 1000 V DC and, at the same time, with one grounded pole, the connection shown in image c is suitable.Optional remote condition signalling – S version.These protectors use a connection to Y, where the same protection level is used between the poles as well as between the individual poles and grounding for photovoltaic systems up to 700/1000 V DC total no-load voltage of the panels. Optional remote condition signalling – S version.A protector used for photovoltaic systems without complying with the separation distance from the outside lightning protection. It is connected to Y, with the same protection level provided between poles and between the individual poles and grounding for photovoltaic systems up to 1000 V DC total no-load current of the panels.--o--o--o--o--oa b cManufacture and headquarterSALTEK s.r.o.Dr ansk 85, 400 07 st nad LabemCzech RepublicTel. 420 475 655 511, Fax 420 475 622 213E-mail infosaltek.czSales oce and technical supportSALTEK TRADE, s.r.o.Arkalyck 833/1, 149 00 Praha 4Czech RepublicTel. 420 272 942 470, Fax 420 267 913 411E-mail salessaltek.czwww.saltek.eu--oSLP-170 PH V/2Uc 170 V DCSLP-500 PH V/2Uc 580 V DCSLP-700 PH V/3, SLP-1000 PH V/3Uc 700/1000 V DCFLP-1000 PH V/3A protector used for photovoltaic systems without complying with the separation distance from the outside lightning protection. It is specied for photovoltaic systems up to 500 V DC total no-load panel voltage. --oFLP-500 PH V/2Uc 500 V DCUc 1000 V DC