【PVPMC】隆基乐叶-王梦松-影响双面光伏组件发电量的关键特性分析

Analyze of the Key features which contribute to the Energy Yield of Bifacial Module.影响双面组件发电量关键因素的分析DEC,2019（2019年12月） www.longi-solar.com CONTENTS Introduction介绍1 Model for predicting bifacial gain预测双面增益的模型234 2Simulation results and validation模拟结果和实验验证Summary总结 www.longi-solar.com 3 Monofacial PERCPERC单面Bifacial PERCPERC双面Introduction-Bifacial PERC cell介绍-PERC双面电池Rear side背面 n The structure was reported by ISFH firstly, low cost Al busbur was used in the rear side of cell. 双面结构最早是由ISFH机构报道的，低成本的铝栅线应用在电池片的背面。 Positive electrode (正极)SiN anti-reflection layer (氮化硅减反膜)N+ emitting electrode (N+发射极)Back passivation layer (背面钝化层)Al-BSF (背铝) Positive electrode (正极)SiN anti-reflection layer (氮化硅减反膜)N+ emitting electrode (N+发射极)Back passivation layer (背面钝化层)Local Al-BSF (背铝) www.longi-solar.com 4 Introduction-Features affecting bifacial gain介绍-影响双面发电量增益的因素 n The main factors affecting bifacial energy gain include:1.ground albedo, 2.elevated height, 3.scattered light ratio, 4.inter-row spacing. 影响双面发电量增益的主要因素包括：1.地表反射率，2.安装高度，3.散射光比例，4.阵列间距 Factors（因素）Ground albedo反射率Elevated height安装高度Scattered light ratio散射光比例GCR组件对地表覆盖度Direct light（ 直 射 光 ） Scattered light（ 散 射 光 ） Refle cted light （ 反 射 光 ）ElevatedHeight（ 安 装 高 度 ） Inter-row spacing（ 阵 列 间距 ） Array shadow （ 阵 列 阴 影 ）Ground albedo（ 地 面 反 射 率 ） www.longi-solar.com 5 Introduction-Literature介绍-文献View-factor Model(PVSyst,SAM,ISC Konstanz)视觉因子模型(PVSyst,SAM,ISC Konstanz)The rear-side irradiance includes the diffuse horizontal irradiance(DHI) from shadow region and global horizontal irradiance(GHI) from unshadow region. 组件背面接收到的辐照度包括地面阴影部分的散射辐照度(DHI)以及地面非阴影部分的散射和直射辐照度(GHI)之和 Quoted(引用自文献): Ufuk Alper Yusufoglua, Simulation of energy production by bifacial modules with revision of ground reflection, 4th International Conference on Silicon Photovoltaics, SiliconPV 2014. Definition of view factorWhere in this case(以上公式中详细参数解释如下):POA is the plane of array（斜入射辐照度）Albedo is the ground reflection（地表反射率）FAsh is the shadow region in the ground（地面阴影部分）FAnsh is the unshadow region in the ground（地面非阴影部分）FAm is the module rear surface（组件背面） www.longi-solar.com 6 Ray tracing Model(NREL,EDF RD, Fraunhofer ISE)光线追踪法模型（NREL,EDF RD, Fraunhofer ISE） Quoted(引用自文献): Matthieu Chiodetti1, Jinsuk Kang, Predicting yields of bifacial PV power plants-what accuracy is possible? 35th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition Fraunhofer ISE used a tool named Gendaylit based on backward ray tracing calculation which creates a complex sky irradiance distribution using Perez model for any part of global and diffuse irradiance.Fraunhofer ISE运用一个基于反向光线追踪法Gendaylit的工具模拟双面组件背面的增益，它创造了一个基于Perez辐照模型的复杂的天空辐照度分布模型。 Ray tracing visualization in summer夏天光线追踪法模型显示的效果图 Ray tracing visualization in winter冬天光线追踪法模型显示的效果图 Introduction-Literature介绍-文献 www.longi-solar.com 7 Introduction-LiteratureThe model uses Perez optical model and 2-diode equation Electrical model (ECN TNO) Optical model-Perez model Quoted:Gaby J.M. Janssen*, Bas B. Van Aken, Outdoor performance of bifacial modules by measurements and modelling, 5th International Conference on Silicon Photovoltaics, SiliconPV 2015 www.longi-solar.com CONTENTS Introduction介绍1 Model for predicting bifacial gain预测双面增益的模型234 8Simulation results and validation模拟结果和实验验证Summary总结 www.longi-solar.com 9 Optical Model for predicting bifacial gain预测双面发电量增益的光学模型Where in this case（以上公式中）:A 1 is the ground（地面）A2 is the module rear surface（组件背面）θ1, θ2 is the angles between the normal vectors of the linethat connects the dA1 and dA2 respectivelyθ1是A1法线n1与A1和A2之间连线s的夹角， θ2是A2法线n2与A1和A2之间连线s的夹角Quoted(引用自文献): Ufuk Alper Yusufoglua, Simulation of energy production by bifacial modules with revision of ground reflection, 4th International Conference on Silicon Photovoltaics, SiliconPV 2014. www.longi-solar.com 10 Because the direct(beam) horizontal irradiance BHI is blocked by the module, casting the shadow on the ground, only the diffuse horizontal irradiance DHI is reflected from the shadow region. However, from the region outside the shadow, both BHI and DHI are reflected. Iref,r, which is the sum of reflected irradiance from the two regions is given as:因为斜入射组件的光会被组件遮挡住在地面产生阴影区域，而只有散射光DHI能够被阴影区域反射。然而在非阴影部分，直射光BHI和散射光DHI都能够被反射。 Iref,r，代表两个区域反射的辐照度的总和： Quoted（引用自文献）: Ufuk Alper Yusufoglua, Simulation of energy production by bifacial modules with revision of ground reflection, 4th International Conference on Silicon Photovoltaics, SiliconPV 2014. Optical Model for predicting bifacial gain预测双面发电量增益的光学模型 www.longi-solar.com 11 Electrical Model for predicting bifacial gain预测双面发电量增益的电学模型The output power of either a bifacial or monofacial module is given as:双面或单面组件的输出功率如下：The annual energy yield is defined the ratio of annual energy production to its front peak power Pfront :年发电量定义为年功率输出除以正面功率与时间的乘积 The bifacial gain(BG) is the relative increase of the energy yield of a bifacial module compared to a monofacial module, and is defined as:双面增益定义为双面组件相对于单面组件的相对发电量差值： www.longi-solar.com CONTENTS Introduction介绍1 Model for predicting bifacial gain预测双面增益的模型234 12Simulation results and validation模拟结果和实验验证Summary总结 www.longi-solar.com 13 Simulation results based on pilot project基于实证电站的模拟结果The simulation by PVSyst 6.8.5 is based on TÜV SÜD Hainan pilot project.通过PVSyst 6.8.5模拟结果是基于TÜV SÜD 海南实证电站 Ding’an, Hainan海 南 安 定 Data数 据Annual peak hours of irradiance年峰值辐照度 1668.4 kWh/kWp/m2 longitude and latitude经 纬 度 East longitude 110.31，Northern latitude 19.68Annual average irradiance hours年 平 均 辐 照 小 时 数 1880hAnnual average precipitation年 平 均 降 雨 量 1953 mmAnnual average temperature年 平 均 环 境 温 蒂 24℃Module type(组件类型) Ground condition地 表 情 况 Albedo反 射 率 Installed height高 度 Installed capacity容 量 Orientation方 向 Tilt Angle角 度Bifacial PERCPERC双面(300W) white coating白漆 67.21% 1.5m 2.76KW South(南) 15°Concrete水泥 43.10% 1.5m 2.75KWGrassland草地 16.10% 1.5m 2.76KWsandy soil沙土 40.46% 1.5m 2.76KWsandy soil沙土 40.46% 1.0m 2.77KWGrassland草 地 16.10% 1.0m 2.76KWMonofacialPERCPERC单面(300W) Grassland草 地 16.10% 1.0m 3.07KWSummary of the pilot project（实证电站信息总结） Information of Hainan,China（海南信息） www.longi-solar.com 14 Monofacial PERC PV array schematic diagram 组件阵列排布示意图 Manufacturer厂商 LONGI隆 基Module type组 件 类 型 LR6-60BP-300M(bifacial PERC) LR6-60PH-300M(Monofacial PERC)Pmpp Nom(W) 300.00 300.00Vmpp Nom(V) 32.50 32.80Impp Nom(A) 9.24 9.15Voc Nom(V) 40.00 40.10Isc Nom(A) 9.79 9.81Power Tolerance功率波动范围 0~+5W 0~+5WModule size(mm)组 件 尺 寸 1664*997 1650*991Cell type电 池 类 型 bifacial PERC cellPERC双 面 电 池 Monofacial PERC cellPERC单 面 电 池PV module information 组件信息 Simulation results based on pilot project基于实证电站的模拟结果 PERC双面PERC双面PERC双面PERC双面 PERC双面PERC双面PERC单面 草地1m草地1m沙地1m沙地1.5m草地1.5m水泥1.5m白漆1.5m www.longi-solar.com 15 White coating ground /1.5m 白 漆 地 表 /1.5mSand ground/1.5m 沙 地 地 表 /1.5m Grass ground/1.5m草 地 地 表 /1.5m Concrete ground /1.5m水 泥 地 表 /1.5m Simulation based on the installed modules 根据安装组件的模拟设置图Installation Photo of different ground 不同地表组件安装效果图 Simulation results based on pilot project基于实证电站的模拟结果 www.longi-solar.com 16 n Typical simulation result of sand ground at installation height 1.5m. 安装高度1.5米沙地地表情况下模拟 结果n The loss diagram for the modules simulated by PVSyst 6.8.5. 通过PVSyst 6.8.5模拟的组件的各 环节损失图表Simulation results based on pilot project基于实证电站的模拟结果 www.longi-solar.com 17 1 0 .0 0 % 1 5 .4 8 % 1 6 .4 6 % 2 5 .3 0 %0 %5 %1 0 %1 5 %2 0 %2 5 %3 0 %0 % 2 0 % 4 0 % 6 0 % 8 0 %Simulated bifacial gain模拟双面增益(%) Ground Albedo（ 地 表 反 射 率 ） Simulated bifacial gain VS Albedo模 拟 的 双 面 增 益 对 比 地 表 反 射 率 n The correlation between the simulated bifacial gain and ground Albedo is almost linear. 模拟出的双面增益与地表反射率的关系基本是一条直线。 Simulation results based on pilot project基于实证电站的模拟结果 www.longi-solar.com 180%2%4%6% 8%10%12%14%16% Grass/1.0m Grass/1.5m Sand/1.0m Sand/1.5mSimulated bifacial gain模拟双面增益(%) Installation height（安装高度） Simulated bifacial gain VS installation height模拟双面增益对比安装高度 n With the increase of installation height, simulated bifacial gain increases. 随着安装高度的增加，模拟的双面增益也对应的增加。 Simulation results based on pilot project基于实证电站的模拟结果 www.longi-solar.com 19 Measured results of pilot project实证电站的测试结果 10.10% 15.82% 14.50% 20.59% 0%5%10%15%20%25%0 1 2 3 4 5 6 Monofacial PERCPERC单 面 Grass/1.5m(16.1%)草 地 /1.5m Sand/1.5m(40.4%)沙 地 /1.5m Concrete/1.5m(43.1%… White coating/1.5m(67… Energy gain增 益(%)Daily energy generation日均单瓦发电量 （kWh/kWp） Sep,2018 Oct,2018 Nov,2018 Dec,2018 Jan,2019Feb,2019 Mar,2019 Apr,2019 Daily energy Energy gainDaily average energy gain for modules in different ground Albedo in the Hainan project 实证电站不同反射率地表情况下组件日均单瓦发电量n The measured bifacial gain increases with the increase of ground Albedo. 测试的双面增益随着地表反射率的增加而增加。n The bifacial gain of concrete ground(43.1% albedo) is less than expected attributed to the inhomogeneous surface. 水泥地表(43.1%反射率)的双面增益低于预期是因为地表的铺设不均匀。 www.longi-solar.com 20 7.87% 10.10% 12.42% 15.82% 0%2%4%6%8%10%12%14%16%18%0 1 2 3 4 5 6 Monofacial PERC单 面 PERC Grass/1m草 地 /1m Grass/1.5m 草 地 /1.5m Sand/1m沙 地 /1m Sand1.5m沙 地 /1.5m Energy gain增益(%)Daily energy generation日均单瓦发电量 （kWh/kWp） Sep,2018 Oct,2018 Nov,2018 Dec,2018 Jan,2019Feb,2019 Mar,2019 Apr,2019 Daily energy Energy gainn With the increase of installation height, measured bifacial gain increases. 随着安装高度的增加，测试的双面增益也提高。Measured results of pilot project实证电站的测试结果Daily average energy gain for modules in different Height in the Hainan project 实证电站不同安装高度情况下组件日均单瓦发电量 www.longi-solar.com 21 59% 72% 40% 53% 63% 91% 88% 61% 73% 47% 41% 63% 99% 77% 92% 84% 46% 50% 52% 18% 18% 28% 34% 97% 54% 44% 66% 60% 55% 95% 98% 88% 70% 86% 86% 57% 96% 68% 95% 40% 79% 65% 47% 100% 100% 76% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 77% 0%5%10% 15%20%25% 0%20%40% 60%80%100% 120% 10/2 10/3 10/4 10/9 10/10 10/11 10/12 10/13 10/14 10/15 10/16 10/17 10/18 10/19 10/20 10/21 10/22 10/23 10/25 10/29 10/30 10/31 11/1 11/2 11/3 11/4 11/5 11/6 11/7 11/8 11/9 11/10 11/11 11/12 11/13 11/14 11/15 11/16 11/17 11/18 11/19 11/20 11/21 11/22 11/23 11/24 11/25 11/26 11/27 11/28 11/29 11/30 Energy gain增益Scattered light ratio（散射比） 散射比 沙土增益scattered light ratio Bifacial gain of sand groundn The significant correlation between the scattered light ratio and measured bifacial gain . 散射光比例与测试的双面增益有着紧密的关系 Measured results of pilot project实证电站的测试结果 www.longi-solar.com 22 Validation by comparing simulation results with measured results对比模拟结果和测试结果验证模型 0%5%10%15% 20%25%30% Grass/1.5m草地/1.5m Sand/1.5m沙地/1.5m Concrete/1.5m水泥/1.5m White coating/1.5m白漆/1.5m 16.1% Albedo 40.4% Albedo 43.1% Albedo 67.6% AlbedoBifacial gain双线增 益(%) Simulation gain模拟增益 Measured gain测试增益-0.10% -0.34% 1.96% 4.71%n The difference between simulation and measured results of concrete and white coating ground is large mainly attributes to the inhomogeneous ground condition White coating ground白漆地表Concrete ground水泥地表 www.longi-solar.com 230 %3 % 6 %9 %1 2 %1 5 % 1 8 % Grass/1 .0 m草 地 /1 .0 m Grass/1 .5 m草 地 /1 .5 m Sand/1 .0 m沙 地 /1 .0 m Sand/1 .5 m沙 地 /1 .5 m1 6 .1 % Albedo 4 0 .4 % AlbedoBifacial gain双面增益(% ) Simulation gain模 拟 增 益 Measured gain测 试 增 益0.41% 0.10% 1.38% 0.34%n The difference between simulation and measured results of grass and sand ground is small mainly attributes to the homogeneous ground condition 模拟增益与测试增益在草地和沙地地表情况下差异很小主要是因为地表环境的均匀性。Validation by comparing simulation results with measured results对比模拟结果和测试结果验证模型 www.longi-solar.com CONTENTS Introduction介绍1 Model for predicting bifacial gain预测双面增益的模型234 24Simulation results and validation模拟结果和实验验证Summary总结 www.longi-solar.com 25 Summary总结n The view factor model using PVSyst could predict the bifacial gain well in some case(Grass, sand ground for 1m and 1.5m installation height). 在某些情况下基于视觉因子模型的PVSyst软件能够很好的预测双面组件的发电量增益 （在安装高度为1米和1.5米的草地以及沙地地表情况下）n Both the simulation and measured results showed bifacial gain increases with the increase of ground Albedo and installation height. 模拟结果和实测结果都显示随着地表反射率和安装高度的提高，双面组件增益也相应 提高n There is a significant correlation between the scattered light ratio and bifacial gain based on the measured results. 实测结果显示双面组件增益与散射光比例有着重要的关系。 ADD:Block B, No.8989 Shangji Road, Xian Economic And Technological Development Zone, Xian, Shaanxi, China. 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